Evidence-Based Benefits
- UV photoprotection — an RCT (n=23) showed 4 mg/day astaxanthin for 9 weeks increased the minimal erythemal dose (sunburn threshold) compared to placebo (Ito et al., 2018)
- Wrinkle reduction — a 16-week RCT (n=65) found 6 mg/day and 12 mg/day of astaxanthin significantly reduced crow's feet wrinkle depth vs. placebo (Tominaga et al., 2012)
- Skin elasticity — the same RCT (Tominaga et al., 2012) demonstrated improved skin elasticity at the 12 mg dose after 16 weeks
- Age spot reduction — a 10-week study (n=30) found 4 mg/day astaxanthin improved melanin index and reduced age spot size (Yamashita, 2006)
- Skin moisture — a clinical trial (n=36) showed 6 mg/day astaxanthin significantly increased skin moisture content after 6 weeks (Yoon et al., 2014)