Evidence Level
Paraxanthine research is in its early stages but growing quickly. Yoo et al. (2023) published the first dedicated human trial on pure paraxanthine supplementation, demonstrating improvements in sustained attention and reaction time at 200mg. Xing et al. (2021) characterized paraxanthine's pharmacological profile, showing its selective adenosine A2A antagonism — the mechanism primarily responsible for caffeine's wakefulness-promoting effect — without the broad adrenergic activation that drives caffeine's side effects. The ingredient enfinity (marketed by Ingenious Ingredients) received GRAS status, supporting its safety for commercial use. As a standalone ingredient, paraxanthine is very new; most of what we know comes from decades of caffeine metabolism research where paraxanthine was identified as the principal active metabolite.