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Types of Sulforaphane: Forms & Bioavailability

Evidence:Moderate
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This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Statements about dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Individual results may vary — consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement. Full disclaimer

Forms Comparison

FormBioavailabilityBest For
Broccoli Sprout Extract with MyrosinaseHighOptimal form — myrosinase enzyme converts glucoraphanin to active sulforaphane; look for products that include this enzyme
Stabilized Sulforaphane (Prostaphane)HighPre-formed sulforaphane — does not require enzymatic conversion; most consistent dosing
Glucoraphanin-Only ExtractLow (without myrosinase)Budget option — but requires gut microbiome conversion, which is highly variable between individuals

Broccoli Sprout Extract with Myrosinase

Bioavailability: High. Best for: Optimal form — myrosinase enzyme converts glucoraphanin to active sulforaphane; look for products that include this enzyme.

Stabilized Sulforaphane (Prostaphane)

Bioavailability: High. Best for: Pre-formed sulforaphane — does not require enzymatic conversion; most consistent dosing.

Glucoraphanin-Only Extract

Bioavailability: Low (without myrosinase). Best for: Budget option — but requires gut microbiome conversion, which is highly variable between individuals.

References

  1. RCTEgner PA, Chen JG, Zarth AT, et al. (2014). Rapid and sustainable detoxication of airborne pollutants by broccoli sprout beverage: results of a randomized clinical trial in China. Cancer Prevention Research. DOI PubMed
  2. RCTAxelsson AS, Tubbs E, Mecber B, et al. (2017). Sulforaphane reduces hepatic glucose production and improves glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Science Translational Medicine. DOI PubMed
  3. RCTSingh K, Connors SL, Macklin EA, et al. (2014). Sulforaphane treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. DOI PubMed
  4. Meta-analysisGuo J, Wang Y, He W, Lou M, et al. (2025). Effects of sulforaphane on ABC and SRS scales in patients with autism spectrum disorder: a meta-analysis.. Brain & development. DOI PubMed
  5. Meta-analysisKassar O, M Mansour ME, Farag N, Selim A, et al. (2025). Efficacy and safety of sulforaphane in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.. BMC psychiatry. DOI PubMed
  6. Long J, Liao X, Tang Z, Han K, et al. (2025). Investigating the clinical efficacy, safety and molecular mechanism of sulforaphane in autism spectrum disorder: an integrated study combining meta-analysis, network pharmacology, and computational biology.. BMC pharmacology & toxicology. DOI PubMed
  7. Monteiro EB, Ajackson M, Stockler-Pinto MB, Guebre-Egziabher F, et al. (2023). Sulforaphane exhibits potent renoprotective effects in preclinical models of kidney diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.. Life sciences. DOI PubMed
Show 4 more references
  1. Gianfredi V, Vannini S, Moretti M, Villarini M, et al. (2017). Sulforaphane and Epigallocatechin Gallate Restore Estrogen Receptor Expression by Modulating Epigenetic Events in the Breast Cancer Cell Line MDA-MB-231: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.. Journal of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. DOI PubMed
  2. Koushki D, Latifi S, Norouzi Javidan A, Matin M (2015). Efficacy of some non-conventional herbal medications (sulforaphane, tanshinone IIA, and tetramethylpyrazine) in inducing neuroprotection in comparison with interleukin-10 after spinal cord injury: A meta-analysis.. The journal of spinal cord medicine. DOI PubMed
  3. Conzatti A, Fróes FC, Schweigert Perry ID, Souza CG (2014). Clinical and molecular evidence of the consumption of broccoli, glucoraphanin and sulforaphane in humans.. Nutricion hospitalaria. DOI PubMed
  4. Cascajosa-Lira A, Prieto AI, Pichardo S, Jos A, et al. (2024). Protective effects of sulforaphane against toxic substances and contaminants: A systematic review.. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. DOI PubMed