Evidence Level
While "adrenal fatigue" is not recognized by mainstream endocrinology, HPA axis dysregulation from chronic stress is a well-documented phenomenon. Individual ingredients commonly found in adrenal support formulas have varying levels of evidence. Ashwagandha has the strongest evidence (meta-analyses showing cortisol reduction), followed by rhodiola rosea (multiple RCTs for stress-related fatigue). Phosphatidylserine has moderate evidence for blunting the cortisol response. Vitamin C and B vitamins are essential cofactors in adrenal steroidogenesis. Adrenal glandular extracts lack rigorous clinical trial data.