Safety Profile
Overall safety rating: Generally Safe
PQQ Side Effects & Safety
This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement. Full disclaimer
Potential Side Effects
- Generally very well-tolerated at recommended doses
- Rare: mild headache during initial use
- Rare: mild digestive discomfort
- No significant adverse effects reported in clinical trials at 20mg/day
Drug & Supplement Interactions
- No significant drug interactions reported at supplemental doses
- May have synergistic effects with CoQ10 and other mitochondrial nutrients
- Theoretical interaction with chemotherapy drugs (PQQ's antioxidant activity could theoretically interfere with pro-oxidant cancer therapies)
Maximum Dose
Do not exceed: 40mg/day (limited safety data beyond this dose)
References
- Harris CB, Chowanadisai W, Mishchuk DO, et al. (2013). Dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) alters indicators of inflammation and mitochondrial-related metabolism in human subjects. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. DOI PubMed
- Nakano M, Ubukata K, Yamamoto T, Yamaguchi H (2009). Effect of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) on mental status of middle-aged and elderly persons. Food Style 21.
- Chowanadisai W, Bauerly KA, Tchaparian E, et al. (2010). Pyrroloquinoline quinone stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis through cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation and increased PGC-1alpha expression. Journal of Biological Chemistry. DOI PubMed